复合材料多排螺栓连接钉载分配的研究

Research on pin load distribution of multiple bolt-jointed composite laminate

利用ANSYS9.0软件对多排螺栓连接复合材料板构件各螺栓的承载比例进行了三维有限元分析。在分析过程中综合考虑了复合材料特性、螺栓与复合材料板及复合材料板与复合材料板之间的摩擦和接触、复合材料板上的预紧力、以及螺栓和复合材料板的约束条件。将所得结果与采用电阻应变计测量得到的试验结果进行了比较,两者吻合较为一致,说明利用该软件分析载荷分配问题有效可行。研究结果表明:四排单列螺栓连接复合材料板构件外侧两螺栓将承受较大载荷,其值约为内侧螺栓承载的2倍;对螺栓连接复合材料板而言,螺栓材料性能对各个螺栓的承载比例影响不大;螺栓承载比例受到孔边应力集中的影响,其载荷分配与复合材料孔边应力集中系数基本呈一一对应关系;适当施加预紧力有助于降低构件的平均受载水平;采用双剪连接时钉载分配均匀性优于单剪连接;在铺层比例不变的情况下仅增加铺层数量对钉载分配的影响不显著。

Making use of ANSYS software, the pin load distribution of multiple bolt-jointed composite laminate is studied. The characteristic of composite material, the friction and contact between the bolts and composite laminate, the preload of the composite laminate, and the boundary conditions of bolts and composite laminate are fully considered in this process of analysis. The calculation results are in good agreement with experiment data. This shows that the pin load distribution can be well analyzed by ANSYS software. Studying result shows the following important points. When there are four bolts that have been arranged side by side, the two bolts outboard of the composite laminate will receive more load, and the value of load is twice of the value in the bolts inboard of the composite laminate. The value of pin load is influenced by the stress concentration factors of the hole that is corresponding the bolt. Suitable preload can reduce the maximal load of the whole component, The pin load distribution obtained by double-lap bolted joint composite laminate is more symmetrical than that obtained by single-lap bolted joint. When the proportion of different layer type does not be changed, increasing the layers of the composite laminate will not influence pin the load distribution.