由客居到土著——清代驻防八旗的民族关系问题研究

From Residing as Visitors to Aboriginals——Study on the Problem and National Relation of the Eight Banners in Garrison of the Man Nationality in Qing Dynasty

清政府对驻防八旗与当地人民采取了一系列的隔离措施,其目的主要是防止驻防旗人成为当地土著居民。但是在长期与当地人民共处与交往中,驻防八旗却渐渐融入当地社会,成为以驻地为籍的土著。这是民族关系发展的结果,也是统治者为适应情况的变化,对政策进行调整的产物。驻防旗人由客民转变为土著居民,不能等同于民族融合,但它标志着民族关系发展的一个阶段。

The Qing Government took a series of separating measures between the Eight Banners in garrison and local people to prevent the Eight Banners becoming local aboriginals. But during the coexisting and contacting with local people in a long term, the Eight Banners in garrison became merged into local society step by step, and became the aboriginals in the station. This was the developing result of the national relation, and the outcome of policy adjusting by the governor to adapt to the changing of the situation. The changing of the Eight Banners in garrison from residing as visitors to aboriginals was not identical with the national merge, but it signed a period of the national relation development.