安徽省巢湖“黄山”缺碘地区7～14在校儿童智力、体格发育调查研究(附801例资料分析)

A STUDY OF INTELLIGENCE AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN OF 7-14 YEARS IN IDD AREA OF HUANGSHAN DISTRICT CHAOHU PREFECTURE ANHUI PROVIVNCE(DATA ANALYSIS OF 801 CASES)

本文用《中国—比内测验》(第三次修订)量表对缺碘病区387例和非病减348例及县镇68例共计801例在校7～14岁儿童进行了测验,并作了神经运动功能和体表测量。部分儿童作了尿碘测定,并将数据进行微机处理。发现病区儿童平均智商(IQ)低于非病区,更低于县镇组儿童(P<0.01)。低IQ(≤69)者154例,发生率为39.79％。并发现IQ与尿碘以及低IQ者发生率与年龄组之间都有相关关系。认为本文低IQ者主要原因为碘缺乏,应称为“缺碘性精神发育迟滞”。由于发现IQ高峰年龄在7岁以前及8～10岁时间有个“IQ跌梯”现象,故提出缺碘地区的“警界年龄”、防治的“关键年龄”概念。建议目前农村病区儿童的智力调查研究应设A、B、C三组。

387 pupils in IDD area, 348 in Non-IDD area and 68 pupils in a county town (altogether 801 cases) were tested bymeans of ChineseBinet Scale (the third revised edition), and the motor nerve function and body surface test were performed as well. UI test was conducted among some of the above-mentiond children. Data processing was done by microcomputer. The result showed that the average IQ of the children in IDD area was lower than htat of the children in NonIDD area, and even lower than that of the children in the county town (P<0.01). The children with IQ below 69 were up to 154 (39.79％). Correlation between IQ and UI level and that between incidence rate of low IQ and age class were confirmed. It was belived that iodine deficiency was the main cause leading to low IQ which should be thus named 'iodiue deficiency mental retardation' (IDMR). It was discovered that IQ fastigium age was before 7 years and there was a falling gradient in IQ between 8-10. As a conception of 'warning age' in IDD area and that of 'key age' for prevention and treatment were established. A division of three groups(A,B, C)for the study of IQ of the children in IDD area in the countryside was suggested.