近45a广西降水和气温的气候特征

Climatic Characteristics of Precipitation and Temperature in the Past 45 Years in Guangxi

应用1957—2001年广西76站月降水和气温资料，利用趋势分析和旋转经验正交函数分解，对近45a广西降水和气温的气候特征进行了分析。结果表明：广西年降水量没有明显的长期变化异常，但有地域特征，其中南部沿海年降水有明显增加的趋势；降水趋势也有明显的季节差异，春播期降水有全区性增加的趋势，且在上世纪70年代末有突变特征；在春播期、后汛期和冬季，降水场均可分为3个气候区，而全年、前汛期和秋季降水难以进行分区。广西年平均气温有极明显的增温趋势，变暖最显著的是广西北部、西南部及南部沿海；变暖主要发生在6、8、10月；无论是年平均气温，还是冬、春、夏、秋四季，都可以将广西气温分成2个气候区，即桂西北和桂南区、桂东北区。

Climatic characteristics of precipitation and temperature in Guangxi are studied by using the tendency analysis and REOF with the data on monthly precipitation and temperature during 1957-2001 in 76 stations. The results show that there is no significant long-range change in annual precipitation trend, but with local feature, annual precipitation in south Guangxi has increased in evidence. Besides, the preeipitation trend changes with season, it increases during the spring sowing season, and shows an abrupt change, feature at, the end. of 1970 s. Three precipitation regions can be delimitated in spring sowing season, in the second flood season and in winter, but in whole year, in the first flood season and in autumn, the precipitation regional divisions are not clear. The increasing trend of annual temperature is obvious, the most notable warming up area is in the north, the southwest and the south of Guangxi. And warming occurs mainly in June, August and October. For all seasons, it can be delimitated two temperature climate regions in Guangxi, the first is the northwest and the south, the second is the northeast.