广州古城的湿地及其功能

Wetlands in Ancient Guangzhou and Their Functions

历经2000多年,广州老城区的湿地环境变迁显著,广州珠江河道缩窄近9/10,不少古河涌今已改建成暗渠,面积广大的古湖泊及沼泽均已湮没。湿地在广州城市发展史上起着重要的作用,河涌担负着城市主要的交通运输及排水防涝功能,并引导着城市的发展与布局;各类湿地为城市提供了拓展空间和丰富的农产品;湿地还可以调节生态环境,美化城市景观,甚至为广州地方文化打上“水”的烙印。这一切对当今城市建设有着重要的启示。

Guangzhou is rich in wetland resources and the city has been developing in wetland environment for more than 2000 years. However, because of artificial and natural reasons, the wetlands in the old regionss of Guangzhou have been changed and damaged evidently. The Pearl River in Guangzhou has been narrowed greatly and polluted seriously, the ancient city moats and lots of canals and small rivers have been covered and turned into underground drainage, and the lakes and marshes have almost been changed into built-up areas. But, the wetlands have been very important for the development of the city. They have functions in traffic, draining and flood control, improvement of ecological environment, agricultural production, beautification of landscapes and development of Lingnan Culture. They also have guided the spatial distribution of the urban areas. From those some useful inspiration can be drawn tO future development of Guangzhou. It is Considered that the wetlands in old and new regions should be protected, improved and well managed, and Guangzhou should be constructed into a wetland city.