基于能值方法的广东省农业系统分析

Based-on Emergy analysis for agricultural system of Guangdong province

采用能值理论和方法对广东省农业系统的能值投入结构和产出特征进行分析,以期弥补单纯经济分析中出现的自然环境投入价值缺失的不足,并尝试加入农业基本建设投资和农业保险的计量,完善系统投入结构的能值计算。同时,引入Y*/Y指标使广东省农业系统的生产水平与全球平均水平相比较,以利于评价广东省农业系统的生产力及其发展水平,并为其优化发展提供理论依据和现实指导。研究结果:广东省农业系统2003年的能值投资率(3.12)、环境负载率(1.70)、能值/货币比率(4.26E+12sej.$-1)、净能值产出率(1.25)和Y*/Y(0.96)。上述结果与中国平均水平、中国其他省份以及一些发达国家(如意大利和日本)的相应指标比较,表明广东农业系统发展水平高于全国平均水平,低于发达国家。系统能值投入产出结构分析发现,不可更新的工业辅助能值占系统投入总能值的61.92%。为此,应进一步提高农业的可更新能值投入和优化投入结构。

The present study uses Emergy synthesis method to obtain sustainability indicators and to assess the efficiency of the agriculture system of Guangdong province, China, for remedying the limitation of pure economic analysis. The investment of agricultural basis, insurance and Y^＊/Y are introduced into the Emergy analysis, to feel the evaluation of some special characteristics of Guangdong agricultural system, such as high human domination and opening characteristics. The following indicators are calculated for the Guangdong agricultural system： EIR（3.12）, ELR（1.70）, Emergy/dollar ratio（4.26E＋12sej·$^-1）, EYR（1.25）, Y^＊/Y （0.96）. These values are compared with the Chinese average, other Chinese province and some other developed countries, such as Italy and Japan, to obtain an idea of the sustainability and efficiency of this agriculture. The result shows that the input-output efficiency and the long sustainability of the agriculture system of Guangdong is higher than the Chinese average, but lower than the average rate of developed countries. The proportion of Emergy inputs to the agriculture that are nonrenewable is high （0.62）.Thus it is recommended that more renewable feedback input, optimized agricultural input structure, should be implemented in the agricultural development of Guangdong province.