新型非密封滑动轴承牙轮钻头的试验研究

TEST STUDY OF A NEW TYPE NON-SEAL SLIDING BEARING CONE BIT

密封滑动轴承牙轮钻头的密封圈工作条件恶劣，极易损坏；密封圈占据了轴颈的一部分空间，使钻头承载能力减小，这些都降低了钻头的使用寿命。通过滑动轴承失效原因的分析，提出非密封滑动轴承牙轮钻头的轴承表面应采用硬度大、热稳定性好的材料，轴承摩擦副应采用硬－硬配对方式。经过对WC－Co类硬质合金材料力学性能和摩擦学性能分析，用新的轴承结构解决了硬质合金脆性问题，并研制出新型非密封硬质合金滑动轴承牙轮钻头。室内试验表明，硬质合金摩擦副具有良好的抗磨粒磨损能力，可用于牙轮钻头非密封滑动轴承的滑动表面。现场初步试验证明，新型非密封硬质合金滑动轴承牙轮钻头具有良好的应用前景，是发展高速滑动轴承牙轮钻头和小尺寸滑动轴承牙轮钻头的有效途径。

The sealing washer of cone bit with sliding bearings worked in bad condition,it is easyto be damaged. Large space is occupied by the washer that reduced the load-bearing capacity and the bitlife. Through the analysis about the bearing failure,it is put forward that is should use higher hardnessand good temperature stability material in the bearing surface of the non-seal sliding bearing cone bit.The hard to hard model should be used in the bearing frictional part. Through the machanics and frictionability analysis about the WC-Co materal,the brittleness problem has been solved with a new bearingstructure and developped a new type cone bit with non-seal hard metal slippage bearing. It is shownthrough the tests the carbide has good wearability and can be used on the sliding surface of non-seal sliding bearings. It has also been proven through the field test that the new type cone bit has good application prospects and is a effective way to develop high speed and slim size sliding bearing cone bit.