甲醛染毒对大鼠子代脏器及血液细胞的影响

Effects of Formaldehyde on Organs and Blood Cells in Rat Offspring

[目的]探讨甲醛对大鼠子代脏器及血液细胞的影响。[方法]按一代一窝繁殖法进行生殖毒性试验，选用体重110-130g Wistar大鼠120只。随机分为4组，每组雌鼠20只、雄鼠10只，采用静式吸入染毒。雌、雄大鼠每天染毒1h，每周7d，连续染毒24周，高、中、低组的甲醛浓度分别为（119．6±15．4）、（25．2±4．6）、（4．8±1．3）mg／m^3，对照组为室内空气；并检测仔鼠脏器系数及血常规。[结果]随着染毒浓度的增加、时间的延长，各染毒组子代大鼠体重与对照组比较呈下降趋势（P〈0．05）；雄性仔鼠心、肺、脑、睾丸和雌性仔鼠肺、脑的脏器系数呈上升趋势，而肝脏的脏器系数呈下降趋势（P〈0．05）；仔鼠血液中白细胞、中性粒细胞、单核细胞及血小板值呈现下降趋势，而嗜酸性粒细胞值呈上升趋势（P〈0．05）。[结论]说明甲醛可抑制大鼠子代的生长发育，损伤肝脏、脑、肺、心及睾丸等器官，并可影响仔鼠的非特异性免疫及凝血功能。

[ Objective ] To explore the effects of formaldehyde on organs and blood cells in rat offspring. [ Methods ] A one generations-one nest reproductive test was used , the 120 Wistar rats weighed 110 - 130 g were randomly divided into 4 groups as： 119.6 ± 15.4 mg/m^3, 25.2 ± 4.6mg/m^3, 4.8 ± 1.3 mg/m^3, formaldelyde inhalation, and one negative control group. The inhalation was conducted lh each day, 7 days every week for 24weeks. After necropsy the changes of organ coefficient and blood cells were counted. [ Results ] With the increasing concentrations of formaldehyde, the body weight of rat offspring, the organ coefficient of heart, lung, brain and testicle of male rats and the EO quantity in blood significantly increased（ P 〈 0.05 ）, but the liver coefficient and WBC, NE, MO and PLT in blood significantly decreased （ P 〈 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion ] Formaldehyde can affect the growth and nonspecific immunity of rat offspring and impaire the liver, brain, lung, heart and testicle.