机动车驾驶员视觉功能与道路交通安全

Drivers’Visual Function and the Trafic Safety

现行的交通法规对驾驶员的视觉功能有特殊要求,但其标准有待规范。本文对关系到安全驾驶的视觉功能如视力、视野、立体视觉、色觉、视觉适应等因素从原理、流行病学调查以及一些相关措施方面加以讨论。最后指出,我们对汽车驾驶员的视觉功能要求应该做进一步的划分达到有针对性地约束其驾驶行为。

Traffic regulation requires that the driver＇ s visual function meets particular criteria nowadays. However, the standards need to be further standardized. The elements of visual function are seleted to safe driving, such as visual acuity, visual field, stereopsis color perception and visual adaptation were discussed in this paper from their principle, epidemiological survey and practical effects. Finally, proposal was raised to further catagorizing the visual function in details for ensuring the driving more purposely.