黑龙江绥滨同仁遗址发掘报告

EXCAVATION ON THE TONGREN SITE IN SUIBIN,HEILONGJIANG

绥滨县位于三江平原——松花江、乌苏里江与黑龙江交汇地区冲积平原的西北部，西倚小兴安岭。同仁遗址距福兴乡同仁村北5公里，东南距县城（绥滨镇）45公里，位于黑龙江中游右岸一级台地上。黑龙江水自西北向东南流来，形成一个弧形江湾，江面宽阔，水流平缓，遗址高出江面约15米（图-）。

In autumn of 1973, the authors carried out an excavation on the Tongren site on the right bank of the Heilongjiang River. This is a group of vestiges with the stratigraphic evidence kept clear, the house remains reflecting bright features in building structure and the objects showing local traits. The foundations of three houses excavated in the central area remain in a good condition and represent two different phases of the same cultural system, which can be called first and second stages of Tongren culture respectively. Similar cultural remains are rather widely distributed in the middle and lower valleys of the Heilongjiang River （including a few localities in Russia）. Such archaeological findings were recorded in the valley of Songhuajiang River （Yongji County, Jilin Province） in the south and that of Suifenhe River in the east. The excavation on the Tongren site made up a missing link in both the spatial and chronological aspects of archaeology in the Heilongjiang River valley, and brought to light a new type of culture. It provided for the first time a benchmark for the division of cultural types, the establishment of the chronological sequence and the ethnic affiliation （Heishui Mohe） of the cultural remains in the Heilongjiang River valley from the 5th to the early llth centuries. According to 14C dating, the first stage of Tongren culture corresponds to the time from the Sui-Tang to the Northern Song periods and the second stage to the Southern Song period.