数字农作技术研究的若干进展与发展方向

Research Progress and Prospect of Digital Farming Techniques

着重介绍数字农作技术研究的若干最新进展与发展方向。数字农作即通过综合运用数字化技术,研究农作物生产系统中信息获取、处理、管理和利用的关键技术及应用系统,从而对农作系统过程的信息流实现全面的数字化表达和整合。近年来,作者围绕数字农作的关键技术及应用系统,开展了较为深入和系统的研究工作,重点在作物生长模拟模型、作物管理知识模型、作物生长无损监测、农作空间信息管理、数字农作决策系统等5个领域取得了显著的研究进展。数字农作的未来发展将需要综合运用信息管理、自动监测、动态模拟、虚拟现实、知识工程、精确控制、网络通讯等现代信息技术,以农作物生产要素与生产过程的信息化与数字化为主要研究目标,发展农业资源的信息化管理、农作状态的自动化监测、农作过程的数字化模拟、农作系统的可视化设计、农作知识的模型化表达、农作管理的精确化控制等关键技术,进一步研制综合性数字农作技术软硬件系统,实现农作系统监测、预测、设计、管理、控制的数字化、精确化、可视化、网络化。农作生长与生产系统的数字化将带动农业产业的信息化和现代化。

The objective of this paper is to introduce the recent research progress and future prospect of digital farming techniques. Digital fanning is to develop the key techniques and application systems for acquisition, analysis, management and utilization of information in crop production system by comprehensively using digital techniques and realizing digital expression and integration of information flow in crop production system. In recent years, thorough and systematic research work on the key techniques and application systems of digital farming have been carded out in Hi-tech Key Laboratory of Information Agriculture of Jiangsu Province, and remarkable advances have been achieved in the areas of crop growth simulation model, crop management knowledge model, non-destructive crop growth monitoring, spatial information management in crop production system, and decision support system for digital crop management. The future prospect of digital fanning is directed toward informationization and digitalization of crop production components and processes, by comprehensive development of the key techniques for information management of agricultural resources, automatic monitoring of crop conditions, digital simulation of crop processes, visual design of crop plants, quantitative expression of fanning knowledge, and precision control of production management. Further, the integrative software and hardware systems on the basis of digital fanning techniques will be constructed for realizing digitalization, precision, visualization and network service in monitoring, prediction, design, management and control of crop production system. Digitalization of fanning system will facilitate the informationization and modernization of agricultural industry.