大鼠静脉窦高压致硬膜血管变化的研究

The changes of dural vessels in rats with dural sinus hypertension

目的探讨大鼠静脉窦高压后硬膜血管变化及其静脉窦高压在硬脑膜动静脉瘘形成中的作用。方法体重200～250g的SD雄性大鼠110只,随机分为静脉窦高压组(85只)和假手术组(25只),将静脉窦高压组85只大鼠闭塞左侧横窦和上矢状窦前1／3,并吻合右侧颈总动脉和颈外静脉,制成静脉窦高压模型。假手术组大鼠单纯解剖相应的颈部血管和硬脑膜窦,但不行吻合或闭塞。术后90d,随机取7只静脉窦高压组大鼠和5只假手术组大鼠,行硬脑膜血管明胶墨汁灌注,观察硬膜血管的状况。结果术后90d静脉窦高压组和假手术组大鼠的硬膜血管数分别为(10.7±1.5)条／mm,(10.3±0.6)条／mm,差异无显著性。在静脉窦高压组中1只大鼠有硬脑膜动静脉瘘,其形态和结构与生理性动静脉短路类似。结论大鼠静脉窦高压一段时间后,颅内硬膜血管无明显增生。颅内硬脑膜动静脉瘘的形成很可能是由动静脉间的短路发展而来。

Objective To study the changes of dural vessels after dural sinus hypertension and discuss the role of sinus hypertension in the genesis of dural arteriovenous fistula. Methods The changes of the dural vessels after dural sinus hypertension in rats were directly observed by Chinese-ink irrigation method. 110 rats weighted 200 -250g were randomly divided into two groups： 85 rats in the experimental group received the following operations： anastomosis of right common carotid artery and external jugular vein ; occlusion of anterior one third of superior sagittal sinus and left transverse sinus. 25 rats in the control group were only exposed the corresponding vessels and dural sinus without any anastomosis or occlusion. 7 rats in the experimental group and 5 rats in the control group were randomly selected, and were irrigated with the mixture of gel and Chinese-ink. The irrigating samples were observed under the microscopes and analyzed. Results The dural vascular quantity between the experimental group and the control group showed no difference. In the experimental group, one dural arteriovenous fistulae was noticed and its structure was quite similar with direct physiological shortcircuit between arteries and veins. Conclusion No vascular hyperplasia was observed after a certain period of dural sinus hypertension ; It is probably that dural arteriovenous fistula is developed from the direct physiological communications between arteries and veins.