牙周病与肺感染相关性实验动物模型的建立

Establishment and investigation of the animal model of periodontitis and pneumonia

目的:建立牙周病与肺感染的实验动物模型,以排除临床各种干扰因素来探讨两者的关系。方法:通过钢丝结扎+黏性高糖饮食法,建立不同程度的大鼠牙周病模型,各组均采用气管灌注(第2亚组)或口腔喂饲铜绿假单胞菌悬液(第3亚组)两种途径使大鼠肺脏感染,且设立不接触菌液的对照组(第1亚组)。观察不同牙周病程度及不同感染途径叠加后对牙周炎和肺炎的影响。结果:大鼠平均牙周袋深度及牙槽骨吸收总量:重度牙周病组(C组)>轻度牙周病组(B组)>牙周正常组(A组)。中性粒细胞分类百分数:各组中第2亚组>第3亚组>第1亚组;且C2组>B2组与A2组,C3组>B3组与A3组。25%的B3组大鼠及75%的C3组大鼠牙周袋内龈下菌斑中可检出铜绿假单胞菌。结论:钢丝结扎+黏性高糖饮食法2周时可建立大鼠轻度牙周病模型,4周则可建立重度牙周病模型。经口腔喂饲铜绿假单胞菌可导致大鼠肺感染,但严重程度不如气管灌注途径。牙周炎症越重的大鼠深牙周袋内越易定植呼吸道致病菌,且合并的肺感染更为严重。

AIM：To establish the animal model of periodontitis and pneumonitis in order to observe the pure relationship between them. METHODS： Different degree of periodontitis and pneumonitis were induced by steel wire ligation and high suger diet in rat. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected pneumonitis were established by different way in each group. The subgroup 1 is non - infected, The subgroup 2 is by trachea and subgroup 3 by oral. RESULTS：The sequence of mean depth of periodontal pocket and mean total attachment loss among each group is C 〉 B 〉 A. The proportion of neutrophil cell shows that subgroup3 〉 subgroup2 〉 subgroupl ,additionally,C2 〉 A2 and B2,C3 〉 A3 and B3. We had cultivate the Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the periodontal pockets of 25% rats in B3 and 75% rats in C3. CONCLUSION：Steel wire ligation and high sugar diet for 2 weeks can set up a mild periodontitis model,while a heavy model can be observed in the fourth week. Intake of Pseudomonas aeruginosa orally can induce pneumonitis in rat, but the inflammation is milder than by trachea way. The pathogens have more tendency to exist in the deeper periodontal pocket with heavier periodontitis.