鼻炎与支气管哮喘发病的关系

Relationship between Asthma and Rhinitis in Children

目的探讨小儿鼻炎与支气管哮喘发病的关系。方法鼻炎患者130例分成2组,单纯鼻炎组60例,鼻炎并哮喘组70例,分析两组年龄、性别、既往湿疹史、毛细支气管炎史、吸烟家族史、哮喘家族史、变应原检测、外周血总IgE及嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数等方面的差别。并用Logistic回归分析进一步确定鼻炎患者发生哮喘的危险因素。结果将两组比较,发现既往毛细支气管炎史、哮喘家族史、母亲哮喘及变应原屋尘、粉尘螨阳性在鼻炎并哮喘组中更多见。此外,外周血总IgE和EOS计数在鼻炎并哮喘组高于单纯鼻炎组。Logistic回归分析发现,外周血总IgE和EOS计数增高是鼻炎并哮喘的重要的危险因素。结论若鼻炎患者存在既往毛细支气管炎史、哮喘家族史、变应原检测阳性,尤其是外周血总IgE和EOS计数增高者,应视为哮喘的前驱表现,需及早防治。

Objective To evaluate the relationship between asthma and rhinitis in children. Methods One hundred and thirty childran with rhinitis were divided into two groups. Among them, 60 displayed rhinitis alone and 70 displayed rhinitis assoeiated asthma. The following parameters were analyzed between two groups, age, sex, history of eczema, familial history of smoking, familial history of asthma, sensitization to allergena, level of total serum IgE, blood cosinophil count. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of covariatas on risk of rhinitis or asthma. Results History of bronchiolitis, familial history of asthma, maternal asthma and senaitization to allergena h1（greet labs irte）, d2 （dermatophagoides farinae） were significantly more frequent in asthmatic subjects. In these patients, the total serum lgE and eosinophil count were higher. Logistic regression analysis showed that a high eosinophil count and total serum IgE significantly increased the risk of developing asthma in patients with rhinitis. Conclusions In subjects with rhinitis, the occurrence of asthma is related to history of bronchiolitis, familial history of asthma, atopy, total serum IgE levels and blood eosinophilia. In rhinitis subjects, thee parameters will be taken into account to manage underlying asthma.