婴幼儿病毒性肺炎104例病原学分析

Viral Etiological Analysis of 104 Cases of Infantal Viral Pneumonia

目的探讨本地区引起婴幼儿病毒性肺炎的病原学概况与临床表现特点。方法应用ELISA法检测婴幼儿肺炎患儿急性期血清5种病毒[呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、流感病毒(IFV)、腺病毒(ADV)、副流感病毒(PIV)、巨细胞病毒(CMV)]特异性抗体IgM,按血清病毒特异IgM阳性、C-反应蛋白(CRP)<8 mg/L且无其他病原学感染的临床及实验室证据为条件检测221例肺炎患儿。结果1.检出总抗体阳性104例,阳性检测率为47.1%,其中单一病毒感染75例,占72.1%,混合感染29例,占27.9%。2.RSV感染居首位,其余依次为IFV、ADV、PIV、CMV。3.婴幼儿不同年龄段、不同季节易感病毒的种类不同。结论引起小儿肺炎的病原除细菌性感染外,病毒性感染的种类繁多,其流行季节高峰与临床表现各异。对感染者及早进行病原学检测,明确病原学种类,以利及时采取相应治疗措施。

Objective To explore the etiology, clinical manifestations of infantal viral pneumonia in Luzhou area. Methods Five viral specific serum IgM antibodies were detected by enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） in acute period of viral pneumonia. Five kinds of virus were separated, as respiratory syncytial virue（RSV）, influenza virus （IFV）, adenovirns （ADV）, cytonegalo virus （CMV）, and parainfluenza virns（PIV）. Serum specific IgM was positive, C- reactive pmtein（CRP） was less than 8 mg/L,and there was no clinical and laboratory proof of other pathogenic infection detected in 221 infants with pneumonia. Results 1. One hundred and four eases of viral infection were detected from 221 infants with pneumonia. The viral positive detected rate was 47.1%, and there were 75 cases of single viral infection （72.1% ） and 29 eases of mixed viral infection （27.9%） among them. 2. tn the single vim/infection,RSV was the first, IFV,ADV, PIV and CMV being the second, the third, the fourth, and the fifth respectively. 3. The types of likely infection virus were different in different age - stage and seasons in infants. Conclusions The etiology of infantal pneumonia is complicated. The types of viral infection are various besides germ infection and the epidemic season peak; clinical manifestations are different. Earlier detection of etiology in infection will make clear the etiology and then take appropriate treatment measures to improve curative effect.