学生“习得性无助感”的心理预防与调整

Psychological prevention of & adjustment to the sense of helplessness of acquired character

习得性无助感是个体经历了挫折和失败后,再度面临各种问题时所产生的一种无能为力的心理状态与行为表现,是严重威胁学生身心健康的无形“杀手”。过多的失败经历、消极的失败归因、严重的自信缺失是导致学生产生“习得性无助感”的主要原因。可从三个方面进行心理预防和调整:帮助学生建立自信;引导学生进行积极的自我归因;多为学生创造成功的机会。

The sense of helplessness is a mental state or a behavior featuring ＂I can do nothing about it＂ when an individual who has experienced certain setbacks or failures faces new problems. It is a hidden ＂killer＂ that seriously imperils students＇ physical and mental health. Among the main reasons that cause the sense of helplessness of acquired character are excessive suffering from defeat, wrong ways of attributing failure and serious lack of self-confidence. There are three ways of preventing and adjusting it： help students to build up self-confidence; direct students to attribute failure in a positive way; provide more chances of success for students