陕西建立陡坡蚕桑水保经济的前景与效益分析

Future and Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation and of Mulberry-Sericultue at Steep Hillside in Shaanxi Province

丝织品销售量在国内外市场呈上升趋势，我国近年蚕丝出口创汇３０亿美元，占世界贸易量的４０％。陕西丘陵山区以陡坡灌桑垄槽栽培新法在２５°以上退耕坡地植桑，每ｈｍ２产桑叶９００～１８０００ｋｇ；每ｈｍ￣２养蚕１５～３０张，产茧４５０～９００ｋｇ，每ｈｍ￣２桑年获利３０００～６０００元以上；水土保持效益６０００～１２０００元。陕西省有我国《水土保持法》规定２５°以上陡坡应退耕坡耕地９．２２×１０５ｈｍ￣２，可发展４．３３×１０５ｈｍ￣２灌桑垄槽桑园，亦不与粮食及其它经济作物争地，农工商利税可达１．５３×１０１０元，在为国家创汇的同时，可获２．６×１０￣９～５．２×１０￣９元的水土保持效益。

The silk fabrics sales volume on Current market of China and abroad is tending to in-crease. Export exchange earnings of natural silk achieve 3×109＄per year for China in recentyears. and fourty percent of the natural silk turnover in the world trade is owned by China. Planting shrubby mulberry on steep slope barren land of more than 25 degrees with new artistryon ridge- trough cultivation of shrubby mulberry on steep slope land.There are 9000～18 000kgof mulberry leaves per ha that could be produced at hilly region of Shaanxi province. there are450～900kg of cocoon crop and 300～600 yuan of income that could be obtained from 15～30case of silkworm eggs raised with per ha shurbby mulberry leaves.and 6 000～12 000 yuan ofsoil and water conservation benefit per ha could be produced.There are 9.22×105 ha steep slopeland of more than 25 degrees in Shaanxi province. On these land. cereal crops must not be cuiti-vated according to chinese soil and water conservation law.There are 4.33 ×105 ha of shrubbymulberry on rideg-trough field could be developed. which will not share the land with grain andother economic crops. Agricultural. industry and business tax could be achieved to the arnount of1.53× 1010yuan. At the same time of gaining foreign exchange for homeland.2.6×109～5.2×109 yuan of soil and water conservation benefit could be gotten.