新中国小学德育课程的演变

The Evolution of Moral Education Curriculum in Primary Schools in China

新中国成立初期，小学的课程设置源于老解放区的教育。1951年学制改革后，小学没有单独设立德育课程。1957年以后，为了突出政治思想教育，逐步开设小学政治课，从教材到教法，运动式、成人化和形式主义现象日益严重。20世纪80年代初，为克服小学德育的成人化和形式主义，将政治课改为思想品德课，并不断修改与完善学科教学大纲、课程标准和与之相应的教材、教法，历时二十余年。回顾这一变化发展过程，总结其中的经验教训，时今后这门课程的建设将起积极作用。

At the very beginning of the foundation of China, the curriculum set-up in primary schools originated from the education of the old liberated areas. After the reform of educational system in 1951, moral education curriculum in primary schools was not set up independently. After 1957, in order to strengthen the education of political idea, polities in primary schools was gradually estab- lished, during which both teaching materials and teaching methods were characterized by the mode of movement , adult-orientation and formalism , and this situation became more and more serious. At the beginning of 1980th, in order to overcome the adult-orientation and formalism in moral education in primary schools, the subject of Polities was changed into Moral Education and meanwhile the teaching syllabuses and curriculum standards were being modified and perfected, together with corresponding teaching materials and teaching methods, which lasted more than 20 years. Looking back on the development of this curriculum and drawing lessons and experiences from it will be of great help for the construction of the curriculum of moral education.