中国黄土高原地区老年人生存质量的研究

Quality of life among the elderly in loess plateau region of China

目的了解黄土高原地区农村老年人的生存状况、健康意识及需求,比较具有不同民族习俗老年人的生存质量。方法对黄土高原具有不同民族习俗的两个地区的老年人共597名进行问卷调查,内容包括生活自理能力、健康意识、生活满意度等方面,给予评分,进行比较分析。结果在健康状况、就医、生活自理能力方面黄土高原地区老人较其他地区的生存质量低;回族老人的健康生活习惯、生活满意度明显好于汉族老人。结论应从文化素质教育、医疗保健、精神赡养、健康教育等多方面入手,采取综合措施提高黄土高原地区农村老年人的生存质量。

Objective To understand the survival condition, health consciousness and the demand of the countryside elderly in the loess plateau region, compare their quality of life （QOL） with different national customs. Methods 597 elderly aged over 60 years were investigated by using the questionnaire survey in two areas in An-sai, Shanxi Province and Yuan-zhou, Ningxia Province. The comparative contents included the life ability by oneself, health consciousness, the degree of life satisfaction, and so on. Results The QOL of the elderly in the loess plateau region was lower than that in other areas in the aspects of the state of health, medical treatment, the life ability by oneself, and the elderly of the Hui nationality was greatly better than that of the Han elderly in the health conditions and the degree of llfe satisfaction. Conclusion In order to improve the QOL of the countryside elderly in the loess plateau region, it is important to pay great attention to develop the culture education, cure and nurse, the spiritual support, the health education and so on.