杭州经济技术开发区流动人口卫生知识需求调查

Survey of needs for health knowledge among floating population in Hangzhou Economic Technology Development Zone

目的了解杭州经济技术开发区流动人口的卫生知识需求,为开展相应卫生服务及疾病预防控制工作提供依据。方法采取随机整群抽样的方法,对杭州经济技术开发区下属的下沙镇和区内厂矿企业中外来流动人口1819人,进行问卷调查。结果被调查人员的卫生知识获取渠道:84.99%的人从广播、电视中获取卫生知识,65.70%的人卫生知识来自卫生科普书籍和宣传资料,51.25%的人来自朋友介绍,29.91%的人来自卫生咨询活动和知识讲座,23.64%的人来自互联网络。卫生知识需求情况:分别有73.45%和71.85%的人希望获得家庭保健知识和营养卫生知识,71.14%的人希望获得传染病防治知识,其他顺位依次为生理卫生知识、季节性疾病防治知识、心理卫生知识、慢性病防治知识、性传播疾病防治知识、妇幼保健知识、家庭应对子女传授的健康知识、预防农药中毒知识、地方病及遗传病防治知识。卫生知识获取方式:71.14%的人希望从电视中获得卫生知识,其他顺位依次为广播、卫生科普报刊、医药卫生书籍、卫生宣传画及小册子、卫生咨询活动、卫生知识讲座、卫生文艺宣传、卫生宣传墙报、手机短信、医院健康教育处方、互联网络、卫生科教电影或幻灯片。结论流动人口卫生知识获取途径、卫生知识需求、卫生知识获取方式需求受所从事工作、性别及文化程度影响较大,应针对调查实际需求,加强对流动人口的健康教育和行为干预。

Objective To understand floating population＇s needs for health information and provide evidences for the oorresponding healthcare service and disease control and prevention. Methods 1819 respondents of the floating population in Hangzhou Economic Technology Development Zone were selected by duster sampling. Uniform questionnaire was applied. Results Among the population investigated, 84.99% of them acquired health information from broadcasting and television programs, 65.70% from books and advertising materials, 51.25% from friends, 29.91% from consultations and lectures, and 23.64% from Intemet. And 73.45% of them wished to acquire family care information, 71.85% wished to acquire nutrition information, and 71.14 % wished to acquire information about infectious disease prevention and treatment. Other needs were knowledge about physiological hygiene, seasonal disease prevention and treatment, mental hygiene, chronic disease prevention and treatment, STD prevention and treatment, maternity and child health care, family education about children＇s health information, prevention of pesticides poisoning, endemic and genetic diseases prevention and treatment, and so on. Among them, 71.14 % hoped to obtain health information from television programs, and other approaches they preferred were broadcasting, newspapers and periodicals, books, brochures, counseling activities, lectures, etc. Conclusion Behavior intervention focusing on health education is one of the most efficient methods of infectious disease prevention and control among the floating population. More attention should be paid to health education activities among the floating population.