线粒体控制区在鱼类种内遗传分化中的意义

The Significance of Mitochondria Control Region (D-Loop) in Intraspecific Genetic Differentiation of Fish

线粒体DNA(mtDNA)作为分子标记已被广泛应用于各物种系统发生的研究。mtDNA控制区序列(D-loop)以其较高的突变积累对于研究物种种内的遗传分化具有重要价值。鱼类是脊椎动物中最原始但在种属数量上又最占优势的类群,其物种繁多,分布广泛,起源复杂,研究其系统发生历来是令人饶有兴趣的课题。D-loop在研究鱼类种内遗传分化中具有多方面的重要意义。近年来,已有越来越多的研究工作将D-loop作为分子标记来探讨各种鱼类的种内遗传分化,并且获得了许多有启发性的结果。青海湖是我国内陆最大的咸水湖,湖中主要鱼类为青海湖裸鲤(Gymnocypris przewalskii),D-loop分析初步结果显示青海湖及其周围河流中的裸鲤似乎没有新的种内遗传分化现象。

mtDNA has been widely used as a molecular marker to investigate the phylogenesis of many species. D-loop has important value for investigating intraspecific genetic differentiation because of its high mutation accumulation. Fish is the most primitive vertebrate, but by far is the most dominant in number. The distribution of fish is broad and its origin is very complicated, has always been a very interesting subject for investigation. D-loop has many important implications for investigating the intraspecific genetic differentiation of fish. Recently, much insight has been gained by the increasing use of D-loop as a molecular marker for investigating the intraspecific genetic differentiation of fish. Lake Qinghai is the biggest inland saline lake in China. The main fish in the lake is scaleless carp （Gymnocypris przewalskii）. Initial analysis of its D-loop showed no intraspecific genetic differentiation among the populations in the lake and the rivers around.