概念隐喻类型述评

Analysis of Conceptual Metaphor Types and Their Parameters

隐喻类型有一般性和具体性两类,“基本概念隐喻”和“规约化隐喻”没有实质上的区别;成语的理解涉及有具体靶域和无具体靶域两种情况,但两种情况的工作和理解机制是不同的:无具体靶域时,具体的源域映射到一般性的概念域,是具体到一般的映射;在有具体靶域的场合,如果先从具体抽象到一般,然后再从一般回到具体,那么隐喻只能说明映射过程的前半部分而不能涵盖从一般到具体部分。而缺少具体靶域时,大链条就是典型的转喻而不是隐喻。

There are many metaphor types in Lakoff＇s conceptual metaphor theory. Lakoff offers three parameters in distinguishing metaphors. The defects of the parameters are, first, that basicness and conventionalization are the same in nature; second, there is no parameter of the division of ＂general-level metaphor＂ and ＂specific-level metaphor＂. The parameter of them should be generality. The defects of the metaphor types are： first, the types of metaphor have different statuses and that there are general metaphors and specific metaphors; second, basic metaphor is in nature the same with conventionalized metaphor; third, in understanding of proverbs there is specific target domain and there is general target domain the two cases involved. The mechanisms of the two cases are different.