电力市场中基于电价弹性的电力系统运行可靠性的协调控制

COORDINATION TO POWER SYSTEM OPERATIONAL RELIABILITY IN POWER MARKET BASED ON PRICE ELASTICITY

电力系统可靠性指标随负荷水平变化而变化,二者之间存在复杂的非线性关系,不能采用线性模型进行模拟。规划设计中,价格系数只能在很小的范围内调节电力平衡,不足以提高系统可靠性。电力市场中,考虑到实际运行中用户对电价的反应,应引入实时电价的电价弹性:当运行风险较高时,升高价格可以促使用户减少用电量或者调整用电时间,从而降低运行风险;而当运行风险较低时,较低的销售价格必然刺激用户的电力消费,提高了运行风险。文中在量化分析电价弹性的基础上,提出了一种实时电价与电力系统运行可靠性之间协调控制的新方法,调度员和用户通过价格、负荷和风险指标构成了一个闭环控制系统,以持续调节电网风险水平。算例结果验证了算法的正确性和应用价值。

Power system reliability indices change with load variation. There is a complicated non-linear relationship between load and reliability indices, and it can＇t be simplified to a linear model. In offline economic dispatch, power balance can be controlled by price setting, which has little effect to improve power system reliability. In electrical market, considering customer＇s reaction to spot price, price elasticity can be adopted to adjust system operation risk. Price increment will lead to load decrease or load shift with time, thus decrease system operation risk. Price decrement will inspirit load consumption and increase the risk. Based on quantitative analysis to price elasticity, a new algorithm is presented in the paper to coordinate spot price and reliability. A closed loop including dispatcher, consumer, price, load and risk indices is formed to continuously regulate power system operational reliability. Results on IEEE test system validate the algorithm and show its prospect in online application.