民族主义建构中的政治认同——伊拉克复兴党民族主义政治实践个案考察

复兴党统治时期的伊拉克,由于在其特有的政治、宗教、文化环境中存在着许多变量,统治者可以按照其政治利益的需求来界定或重新界定国家的政治认同。萨达姆根据国家利益的需求强调和实行了几种不同的政治认同,即两伊战争期间的阿拉伯民族主义认同、海湾战争期间的伊斯兰主义认同和海湾战争之后的部族主义认同。伊拉克复兴党的多重政治认同在其政权生存中具有特殊的意义,但也有其致命的弱点。

Owing to the uncertainties in Iraqi unique political, religious and cultural environment, the ruling Baath Party could define or redefine the national political identities to cope with the needs of its political interests. Saddam Hussein emphasized and executed several political identities in different situations： Arabian nationalism during the Iran - Iraq War, Islamism in the Gulf War and Tribalism after the Gulf War. The multi - folded political identities of the Iraqi Baath Party are both of special meanings and fatal vulnerabilities.