糖尿病大鼠甲状腺组织的超微病理改变

Prelimenary Investigation of Diabetes-induced Thyroid Injury in Wistar Rats

目的:探讨糖尿病大鼠甲状腺组织超微结构的变化,了解甲状腺组织是否亦为糖尿病慢性攻击的靶器官。方法:Wistar大鼠60只,随机分为糖尿病模型组(n=48)和正常对照组(n=12)。经四氧嘧啶造模8周后处死,取甲状腺组织经固定、乙醇脱水、Epon812包埋、超薄切片、醋酸铀和柠檬酸铅染色后,日本电子100-CX透射电镜进行观察。结果:糖尿病大鼠甲状腺电镜下无一例为正常甲状腺组织结构。大多数显示甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞微绒毛膜大量减少,有的几乎全部消失;滤泡上皮细胞核变得小而扁平、内陷;粗面内质网扩张,池内有明显增多的髓磷体;线粒体、溶酶体数目减少功能低下。部分组织可见甲状腺旁细胞增生现象,细胞核大,核染色质活跃,胞浆内神经分泌颗粒有的丰富有的减少。结论:甲状腺组织亦为糖尿病攻击的靶器官,组织形态变化显示甲状腺功能低下,甲状腺旁细胞功能活跃。

Objective：To investigate the ultrastructural changes of thyroid tissues in diabetic rats and to find out whether thyroid was the target organ of diabetes chronic damage. Methods： Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided to diabetic group （n=48） and controls （n=12）. After 8 weeks of estahlishlng the diabetic model with alloxan, a total 60 thyroid were sampled for transmission electron microscope （TEM）. The tissue blocks were dehydrated in ethanol and embedded in EponS12. The ultra thin sections stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate were examed with a TEM （ JEOL, 100-CX, Japan ）. Results： The thyroid tissues of diabetic rats were all abnormal under TEM. Most of the cases showed reduced number of microvilli of thyroid follicle epithelial cells and some of them almost disappeared. The nuclear of thyroid follicle epithelial cells was flattened. The cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum were dilated. The myelin figures were conspicuous. The numbers of mitochondria and lysosomes were significantly decreased. C-cells hyperplasia of the thyroid were observed in some tissues. Some of neurosecretory granules increased in the cytoplasm, but others decreased. Conclusion; The thyroid tissue is one of the target organs of diabetic lesion. Our morphological study demonstrated low thyroid function and more active C-cells.