嵌入磁路的电解加工技术

ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING WITH EMBEDDED MAGNETIC CIRCUIT

为提高电解加工精度,基于磁场和电场相互作用原理,设计了两种镶嵌磁路的阴极。分析了磁场对双电层液相3种传质方式的影响,提出将多极内封闭渐变磁路和多极外封闭渐变磁路组合后嵌入电解加工装置的方法。试验表明,沿阴极体周边均匀镶贴永磁体的阴极,加工时磁力线与电解液流动方向正交,可消除分股束流、空穴, 改善电解加工流场,改善工件表面粗糙度;顺阴极轴向在阴极头内嵌入永磁体,加强了反应物质向加工区传质的速度,提高了集中蚀除的能力,可有效减轻杂散腐蚀。对电解套料沿阴极内壁采用多极内封闭渐变磁路镶贴永磁体;对非铁异形孔加工,为进一步加强间隙磁场,可采用在阴极外表面镶嵌多极外封闭渐变磁路,在工件外套一多极内封闭渐变磁路形成组合磁场。

Based on interaction between electric field and magnetic field, the two sorts of cathodes with embedded magnetic circuits are designed for enhancing electrochemical machining（ECM） accuracy, The effects of magnetic field on three mass transport processes in liquid of electrical double layer arc discussed. A method to integrate inner sealed gradually changed multiple-pole magnetic circuit （GCMPMC） with outside sealed one for ECM device is presented. Experiment results show that cathode pasted around by magnet, where the magnetic field are perpendicular to the direction of electrolyte flow to avoid fagot and cavity, can improve the flow field of electrolyte and workpiece roughness; cathode with magnet embedded insi-de can reduce the scattered corrosion because the reactant teans-ference is speeded up and the cutting convergence is enhanced. For electrolytic trepanning, an inner sealed structure GCMPMC to plant into cathode is designed. For abnormity cavity machining, in order to intensify the magnetic induction intensity of the machining gap, a specific combined magnetic field is designed by embedding the outside sealed GCMPMC around the exterior of cathode and setting the inner sealed GCMPMC to the workpiecc exterior.