FY-2C星发射轨道计算与分析

Computation and Analysis of Launch Orbit for FY-2C Meteorological Satellite

根据卫星发射窗口的一般性和风云二号(FY-2)C气象卫星特定限制条件,计算了2004年10月19日符合要求的发射窗口。在比较上午和晚上发射窗口的基础上,确定C星选择上午发射窗口。给出了影响卫星定点捕获所需速度增量的入轨轨道参数和点火姿态等因素,并仿真计算了轨道半长轴、近地点高度、倾角和近地点幅角与速度增量的关系。分析结果表明,卫星发射窗口的确定与星、地、日间的位置密切相关。入轨偏差越小,定点捕获所需肼燃料消耗也越少。

The launch window on Oct. 19, 2004 was calculated under the general limited conditions and specific limited conditions of FY-2C meteorology satellite in this paper. The morning launch window for FY-2C setellite was selected based on the comparison of morning with evening window. The orbit injection parameters and firing attitude that affected velocity increment for orbital acquisition were presented. The relationships between the velocity increment and orbit semimajor axis, perigee altitude, inclination, and perigee argument were simulated. The analysis result showed that determination of launch window was related to the position of the satellite, the earth and the sun closely. The smaller the error of orbit injection, the lesser hydrazine consumption for orbit acquisition.