论支遁“小顿悟义”对晋人审美人格境界建构之影响

On the Influence on the Construction of Jin People's Aesthetic Character Realm Caused by Zhi Dun's Thoughts of "Little Satori"

自先秦以来,儒、道两家均非常重视对“成人之道”这一实践方法、途径与过程的探讨,并分别都将“圣人”人格境界化、审美化了。但最终没有明确说明“凡人”成“圣”的现实可能性和必然性,更没有自觉地对审美人格“修为”过程进行“渐修”和“顿悟”的深入理论分析与区别。而自支遁首倡“小顿悟”之说,再发展到道生的“大顿悟”之后,便最终以宗教哲学的话语形式统一了中国哲学和美学自先秦以来儒道两家审美人格培养之实践中原有的“渐修”和“顿悟”两种倾向,并将其系统化和理论化,且“顿悟成圣(佛)”的理论对晋人建构审美人格境界产生了重大的影响。

Since periods before Qin Dynasty, both Confucianism and Daoism thought highly of the practical ways and process of ＂ way being human＂, and they respectively treated the ＂sadhu＂ in an aesthetical way. After all, they did not make a clear explanation about the possibility and necessity on how common people to become ＂sadhu＂. Moreover, they did not deeply discuss theories on the terms ＂gradually cultivation ＂ and ＂satori＂, and told the differences between them. Since Zhi Dun put forward the theory ＂little satori ＂, and to Dao Sheng＇ s theory of ＂large satofi＂, these two tendencies which respectively stood for Confucianism and Daoism were unified by religious terms, and formed a system. The theories on ＂being a sadhu after satori ＂ had a significant influence on the Construction of Jin people＇ s aesthetic character realm.