福建省南部地区人体重要寄生虫病感染状况分析

Analysis on the infection situation of pricipal human parasites in south part of Fujian Province

目的了解和分析福建南部地区人体肠道寄生虫的流行状况与态势,为今后开展防治工作提供决策依据。方法福建南部6县(市、区)18个中签点进行调查。Kao-Katz厚涂片法检查肠道蠕虫卵;透明胶带肛试法检查蛲虫卵;试管滤纸培养钩蚴以鉴定虫种。结果人群总感染率为39.72%,男、女感染率分别为37.67%、41.71%,两者差异有显著性(χ2=6.73,P<0.01)。检出肠道寄生虫9种,其中线虫6种、吸虫2种、绦虫1种。感染一种的占感染人数92.90%,同时感染2、3种分别占6.82%、0.27%。钩虫、蛔虫、鞭虫、蛲虫感染率分别为29.10%、5.08%、8.37%、22.77%。20岁以上年龄组感染率高于19岁以下年龄组(χ2=142.76,P<0.01);学龄前儿童蛲虫感染率农村高于城区(χ2=74.61,P<0.01)。钩虫感染率农民高于学生、学龄前儿童及半工半农人群。结论在经济不发达福建南部地区,人群寄生虫感染率仍达40%以上。钩虫感染率在经济作物为主的县、市仍居高不下,低年龄组中蛔虫、蛲虫感染率仍处较高水平,华支睾吸虫、福建棘隙吸虫等食源性寄生虫感染呈明显增加。土源性寄生虫病仍是福建南部寄生虫病防治重点,同时应关注食源性寄生虫病的危害。

Objective To find out and realize the epidemic situation of principal human parasites in people in south-part of Fujian province, so as to provide the basis for the diseases control. Methods People over two years old were investigated in eighteen spots of six cunties in the region. Kato-Katz thick smear technique for examination of intestinal helminth eggs, anal swab in transparent glue-paper for examination of pinworm eggs,and culture mehtod in filter paper in tube for hookworm larva to idetify Ancylostorna duodehale or Nector americanua. Results There was the total infection rate of parasite of 39.72%, and infection rates of 36.67% and 41.70% in male and female respectively, with significant difference （X2=6.73,P〈0.01）. There were nine kinds of parasite to be found.It included six kinds of nematodes,two kinds of trematodes and one kind of cestods,Among total people infected, 92.9% were occupied with 1 kind of parasite, 6.82% and 0.27% were occupied with 2 and 3 kinds of parasite,respectively.Infection rates of hookworm,roundworm, whipworm and pinworm were 29.10%~5.08%,8.37%,22.77%,respectively. infection rates ofpeoper over 20 years old were higher than those less 19 （X2=142,76, P〈0.01）, There were higher infection rates of pinworm in rural areas than that in unban areas for preschool chiJdren（x^2=74.61 ,P〈0.01）. The infection rates of hookr worm of peasants were higher than that of students, preschool children and part-firming. Conclusion There was high infection rate of parasites as more than 40% in people in undeveloped areas of south Fujian, The high infection rate of hookworm was remained in the areas where farming is mainly industrial crops,and the higher infectin rates with roundworm and pinworm were remained in preschool children. The cases infected with Clonorchis sinensis and Echinochasmus fujian increased rapidly these years. The control to soil-trammitred parasites will still focal work in south fujian. And harm due to parasites with food should be attentioned.