电力市场制度研究 (一)电力市场产权制度设计

Research on Electricity Market Institutions Part One Design of Property Right Institution of Electricity Market

产权清晰是市场有效竞争的前提条件。电力市场设计的核心是建立完善的产权制度。产权由使用权、收益权与转让权组成。它的作用在于减少市场交易中的外部性,产生合理的激励。电力市场产权制度建设有2方面的内容:产权重组与市场交易中的产权界定规则。电力市场化改革的目的是合理地进行产权初始安排,建立排他的使用权、完整的收益权与灵活的转让权,减少个人成本与社会成本的分离,促进电力市场效率的提高。但是,产权的最终确立还必须考虑到交易费用的影响,只有当施行某种产权制度所实现的效益大于成本时,这种产权制度才是真正可行的。

Clear private property rights are the prerequisite of efficient competition of electricity market. The key component of electricity market design is to develop the perfect property right institution. Property rights consist of the right of usage, the right of revenue and transferable right. Its role is tO mitigate the externality of market transaction and produce the reasonable stimulation. The construction of perfect property institution contains 2 aspect contents, which are property right restructuring and creation of property right limited rules in market transaction. The objective of electricity market reform is to initially rearrange property right rationally, and to establish the right of exclusive usage, intact revenue right and flexible transferable right, so as to mitigate the separation between individual cost and social cost, and promote the enhancement of electricity market efficiency. However, the final establishment of property right institution should also consider the transaction cost influence, for only when the benefits of executing some kind of property right institution are greater than the costs, this kind of property right institution will be real feasible.