塑料用抑烟剂及抑烟机理的研究进展

Development Advances in Smoke Suppressants for Plastics and Their Smoke Suppression Mechanisms

综述和分析了近20年来塑料用抑烟剂及抑烟机理的发展概况,其中也包括了笔者的一些科研成果。主要论述了钼化合物、还原偶联抑烟剂、铁化合物、金属氧化物、镁锌复合物、锡酸锌及其他复合抑烟剂等对PVC、苯乙烯系塑料、不饱和聚酯及聚氨酯泡沫塑料的抑烟机理和抑烟效果。当上述抑烟剂在PVC及苯乙烯系塑料中的用量为2％- 4%时,材料的生烟量可下降30％-50％。另外还介绍了一些研发中的新型抑烟剂,如某些二元羧酸、酯类及硅胶等。

Development advances in smoke suppressants for plastics and their mechanisms of smoke suppression in the latest 20 years are reviewed, and some research results obtained by the authors are included. The effects and mechanisms of smoke suppression of molybdenum compounds, reductive coupling smoke suppressants, iron compounds, some metal oxides, magnesium-zinc complex, zinc stannate and other composite smoke suppressants are discussed and analyzed. The above smoke suppressants can be used for PVC, styrenic plastics, unsaturated polyesters, and polyurethane foams. The smoke production of PVC and styrenic plastics can be reduced by a factor of 3 or 2 when the loading of smoke suppressants was between 2 % and 4 %. In addition, some new smoke suppressants under development, such as some dicarboxylic acids and silica-gels, are also introduced.