大豆油脂脂肪酸含量与主要农艺性状的遗传相关及通径分析

GENETIC CORRELATION AND PATH-COEFFICIENT OF IMPORTANT OIL FATTY ACID CONTENT WITH THE MAJOR AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS IN SOYBEAN

选用2份吉林省主推的大豆品种,3份引自美国的低亚麻酸材料作为杂交亲本,2000年按Griffing方法2进行双列杂交,估算了5种油脂脂肪酸含量与主要农艺性状的遗传相关及对单株粒重、百粒重的通径系数。结果表明:表型相关系数与遗传相关系数非常接近。棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚麻酸含量和百粒重的遗传相关均为正值,亚麻酸含量与百粒重呈极显著的正相关,而亚油酸含量与百粒重的遗传相关为负值,通过百粒重可以对亚麻酸和亚油酸进行间接选择。油酸、亚麻酸对单株粒重的直接效应与遗传相关的表现相一致。亚油酸对单株粒重的直接正效应主要被油酸、亚麻酸的间接负效应所掩盖,使得亚油酸的直接效应与遗传相关表现相反。棕榈酸、硬脂酸、亚油酸对百粒重的直接效应与遗传相关的表现一致。油酸、亚麻酸对百粒重的直接通径系数与遗传相关的表现不一致,主要是被亚油酸的正向效应所掩盖。因此可通过百粒重进行间接选择,以达到低亚麻酸育种目标,同时也可提高亚油酸含量。

The two popularized cultivars in Jilin and three American low linolenic materials were used as parents to make complete diallel crossing in accordance with the Griffinges method 2. The results of genetic correlation between oil fatty acid content and the major agronomic characters and path coefficient of oil fatty acid content to seed weight per plant and 100SW（100 seeds weight）, were analyzed. The results of genetic correlation and phenotytic correlation were similar. The genetic correlation between 100SW（100 seeds weight） and the contents of palmitic, stearic, oleic and linolenic is positive. The genetic correlation is negative between linoleic content and 100SW. The contents of linoleic and linolenic can be selected indirectly by 100SW. The direct path-coefficients of oleic and linoleic contents to SWP were almost the same to the genetic correlation between them. The positive direct path-coefficient of linoleic content to SWP was concealed by the negative indirect path-coefficients of oleic and linolenic to SWP, and it made the direct path-coefficient be opposite to the genetic correlation of linoleic content to SWP. The direct path-coefficients of palmitic, stearic and linoleic contents to 100SW were almost the same to the genetic correlation between them. The direct path-coefficients of oleic and linolenic contents to 100SW were opposite to the genetic correlation between them by the concealment of positive indirect pathcoefficient. So we could reach the breeding aim of low linolenic and improve the content of linoleic at the same time with the indirect selection by 100SW.