唐宋士大夫与西南、岭南地区的移风易俗

Scholar-Bureaucrats and the Change of Old Habits and Customs in Southwestern and Lingnan Regions During the Tang and Song Dynasties

唐代西南地区由于经历魏晋南北朝二次“蛮夷化过程”,文明程度出现逆转退化,山南、剑南儒学教育文化落后,民间流行多神崇拜,湘西南与岭南人口买卖现象严重;宋代云南、四川原始巫文化仍然甚为盛行,杂祠淫祀现象严重,为全国典型的淫祠区。西南地区地方官员尤其是流贬士大夫执着于以破除迷信、引导文明生活方式的移风易俗活动,收到了一定的社会治理效果,也典型体现了中国古代知识阶层“处江湖之远”而自觉践履儒家“以夏化夷”、“有教无类”的思想情怀。

The second ＂barbarization＂ in the＇southwestern region in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties caused the gradual declining of civilization in the Tang Dynasty. Educational backwardness and folk polytheism arose with occurrence of severe trading of population in the Southwestern Hunan and Lingnan regions. In the Song Dynasty, the primitive Wu Culture was still popular in Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces. The local officials in the Southwestern region, especially those exiled or deprived scholar-bureaucrats, bent their efforts to get rid of superstition and turn backward customs into more civilized way of life, and they have made some achievements in this respect. Their work showed the great pursuit of practicing the Confucian ideas of nationalizing the barbarians and carrying out universal education while located in the remote areas among the intelligentsia in ancient China.