恩格斯对科学技术哲学的重大贡献

Engels' Great Contribution to the Philosophy of Science and Technology

恩格斯对科学技术哲学的重大贡献主要有自然观、科学认识论(方法论)和科学观三个层面。自然观方面,创立了辩证自然观并倡导了以自然科学为中介研究自然观的方法;科学认识论方面,强调了科学认识主体的历史主体性并注重了认识论的哲学提升与具体科学史史料的有机融合;科学观方面,强调了科学研究的动态过程、自然科学家与哲学家联盟的意义以及科学对社会的双重效应。恩格斯的这些科学技术哲学思想,对于当代具有极强的理论与现实意义。

Engels ＇ great contributions to the philosophy of science and technology include three aspects. In terms of natural philosophy,Engels founded dialectical natural philosophy and proposed the method of studying natural philosophy through the medium of natural science itself. In terms of scientific epistemology,he emphasized the historical subjectivity of scientific cognitive subject and attached great importance to the organic fusion of the philosophical summation and cognitive theory. In terms of the view of science ,he emphasized the dynamic process of scientific research, the significance of the alliance of scientists and philosophers,and the double effect that science has on the society. In the contemporary era,Engels＇ thought on the philosophy of science and technology is still of theoretical and practical significance.