汉字的理据缺失与重构

Reconstruction of Chinese Characters with Motivation Missing

汉字是据意构形的,在造字之初,理据是清楚的。但在汉字发展和使用过程中,字形、词义、语音、字用都在发生变化,汉字的理据逐渐模糊。对理据的追寻是汉字使用者的普遍心理,面对理据缺失的字形,人们会采取一定的方式使理据重新获得,这些方式包括造新字、对变异字形和假借字形通过重新分析进行改造等。理据的追寻直接影响了汉字的发展。

Chinese characters must be made with reasons or motivations, the latter of which, however, gradually became vague or even lost in the use and development, particularly in the changes of appearances, lexical meanings, pronunciations, and uses. The recovering of the reasons and motivations is a universal psychology of any users. So people in front of the character appearances that have lost motivations may take some means to recover them. The means include creating new ap pearances and transform the variant and interchanged characters in terms of re-analyzing the changed appearances. The rea soning process has had an immediate effect upon the development of Chinese characters.