无线传感器网络密钥分配协议研究

Key Distribution Protocols in Sensor Networks

密钥分配协议对于无线传感器网络的安全起着基础性作用。由于传感器网络大规模、节点资源非常受限、分布式等特点,传统的基于公钥和可信任的密钥分配中心等方式不能实用。本文系统针对传感器网络特点,提出密钥管理协议的需求与性能指标,系统阐述了几种当前比较典型的密钥预分配协议:基于初始信任、随机密钥预分配以及各种改进方案等,分析比较其优缺点,并提出了进一步研究的方向。

Key management is one of the fundamental building blocks of security services. As sensor networks are very resource-constrained and large scale, traditional key management techniques, such as public key cryptography or key distribution center, are often not effective. We discuss the characteristics of sensor networks, and give the performance issues of key distribution protocols. Several key distribution protocols based on initial trust and random graph theory are reviewed. We analyze their performance in especial and give their overhead and payoff. The paper also points out the future research issues.