轴承保持架温挤压模具失效分析

Failure analysis on warm extrusion die of bearing retainer

相对于传统的加工制造方法,铜合金实体轴承保持架温挤压技术有很多优点,针对温挤压中出现凹模开裂的问题,利用三维绘图软件SolidWorks建立保持架凹模的三维模型,将三维模型导入ANSYS有限元软件进行模拟和分析,发现应力分布不均匀且应力集中现象严重。分析认为应力集中导致疲劳裂纹是凹模开裂的原因。因此提出了两种解决方案:增加凸台壁厚可以降低应力集中,从而避免出现疲劳裂纹;或者改变凹模结构以彻底消除应力集中现象。对两种方案分别进行了数值模拟验证,结果证明是有效的。

Warm extrusion forming for copper alloy solid bearing retainer is a valuable technology and has many advantages contrasted to traditional manufacture method. Aiming at the problem of bottom die crack of warm extrusion, a three dimensional model of warm extrusion die is achieved by using SolidWorks software and numerical simulation. The analysis is also made by using ANSYS software. It is found that the stress distribution is uneven and the stress concentration is rather severe. The analysis shows that the stress concentration is the cause of crack. In order to solve the problem, two projects are put forward, One project is to increase the thickness of die so as to reduce the concentration of stress. Another project is to modify the structure of die in order to eliminate the stress concentration completely. These two projects are all validated by using numerical simulation and proved effectively.