基于相空间重构的高压断路器振动信号特征分析

Analysis of Characteristics of Vibration Signals in High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Based on Phase Space Reconstruction

在高压断路器运行和操作过程中,其振动信号包含了最丰富的关于操纵机构、机械连接和灭弧室内的触头动作信息,有效的信号处理方法和特征提取手段能够将这些信息反映出来,作为诊断及检修的判据。以提取诊断及检修判据为目的,将相空间重构的方法应用于高压断路器的振动信号处理,从一个新的角度对信号进行了分析,提取信号特征并加以整理。通过对相空间重构获得的相空间图直观定性分析,并进一步利用求解振动信号的关联维数的方法定量判断,提出了一种分辨断路器机械机构运行状态的方法。通过对几种工况下高压断路器的振动信号的处理,结合对各种条件下获得的振动信号的关联维数变化规律的分析,证明了该方法提取的关联维数判据能够有效分辨断路器操动机构的正常与异常状态。这表明该判据可以充当分辨断路器操动机构的工作状态是否异常的重要依据,通过与其他故障诊断方法相结合,具有一定的应用前景。

During the operation of a High-Voltage Circuit Breaker （HBCB）, the vibration signals in the HBCB contain abundant information about operating gears, mechanically driven services and the contactors in the arc extinguishing chamber. The signals can be recognized by an effective signal processing method and can be used for diagnosis and maintenance. However, the traditional analysis methods used for analyzing vibration signals in a HVCB are limited and too simple. This. paper analyzes the vibration signals in a HVCB using the phase space reconstruction theory and proposes a new method to distinguish the state of a HVCB. This new method uses the correlation dimension as the important characteristics of the vibration signals. According to the experiments of processing the signals under several different conditions of a HVCB and the comparison of these signals and the signals taken from a fault state, it has been seen that the correlation dimension can tell the differences between the normal and abnormal operating conditions of a HVCB. It has been shown that the proposed method is valid, and the correlation dimension of the vibration signals from the phase space reconstruction can be used as a very useful criterion in diagnosis of operating conditions of a HVCB.