重庆主城区346例颅脑交通伤流行病学特点及临床救治分析

Treatment and epidemiology of brain injury caused by traffic accidents in downtown of Chongqing

目的探讨重庆主城区颅脑交通伤的流行病学特点。方法回顾性分析我院近4年来收治的主城区颅脑交通伤346例的临床资料。结果本组青壮年构成了伤员的主体,职业以农民工为主;约半数事故为汽车撞行人(46.53%);颅脑伤以颅骨骨折、颅内血肿和脑挫裂伤为主,重度伤多见于汽车驾驶员、摩托车手和行人;伤后1小时内得到救治者的死亡率1.97%(3/152),伤后>1小时得到救治者死亡率9.28%(18/194),两者相比差异显著。结论汽车撞行人是重庆主城区交通事故的主要致伤方式,行人伤员多,1/3为颅脑重度伤,其原因与主城区人口密集、公路窄、弯道多、交通拥挤、行人违章乱穿马路等有关。

Objective To study the epidemiology of brain injuries caused by traffic accidents in downtown of Chongqing. Methods The clinical data of 346 cases was analyzed retrospectively. Results Youngs people constituted the main part of the patients, most of them were farmer-workers. About half of the injured were pedestrians, which accounted 46.53% of all cases. The most main injuries was cranial bone fracture, intracranial hematoma and brain contusion. The severe injuries were mainly found in car drivers,motorcyclist and pedestrians. The mortality （1.97% ）of the injured treated within lhour after trauma was significantly lower than that （9.28% ）of more than 1 hour after trauma. Conclusion Pedestrians were the main victims of traffic accidents in downtown of Chongqing. Pedestrians were often injured and one third of the injuries were severe brain injury. The denseness of population, narrowness of roads,many road curves and illegally crossing road are all responsible for the high incidence of traffic accidents in downtown of Chongqing.