真实环境中听力的特征及其对外语听力教学的启示

Characteristics of Listening in the Real World and Their Significance in Teaching Foreign Language Listening Comprehension

在真实环境中听力的特征有:听者的被动性;听者的期待性;听者接收的信息量大且多样,但听者有主动选择性;听者通常对话语有所反应;听者通常可以看到说话者;听者的注意力和焦点会转移;听者通常先关注话语的意义;听者接收的信息经常是模糊的;话语有很强的口语特征。根据这些特征,外语教师在听力教学中应注意提供真实的听力材料,培养学生的听力策略及注重学生的反应。

The characteristics of real-world listening include： the passiveness of the listeners; the expectation of listeners; the high quantity and variety of the received information and the choice of listeners; the response of listeners, the visibility of speakers; the shift of attention and focus of listeners; the priority of meaning; the ambiguity of the received information; characteristics of spoken language. Based on these features of real-life listening, in foreign language teaching, it is advisable to supply real-life listening materials, develop students＂ listening strategy, and emphasize students＇response to what they listen to.