大豆疫霉根腐病抗源筛选

Screening for Resistance Sources to Phytophthora Root Rot in Soybean

由大豆疫霉菌引起的大豆疫霉根腐病是大豆生产的重要病害，该病已在我国大豆主要产区发生，并在局部地区造成较大产量损失。利用抗病品种是防治大豆疫霉根腐病最有效的方法。本研究目的是筛选大豆疫霉根腐病抗源，为病害防治和抗病品种的选育提供参考。用下胚轴创伤接种方法对120个栽培大豆品种（系）进行接种，鉴定其对10个具有不同毒力大豆疫霉菌菌株的抗性。有110个品种（系）分别抗1～10个大豆疫霉菌菌株，其中以河南大豆品种（系）对疫霉菌的抗性最丰富，安徽、湖北和山西大豆品种（系）也具有抗性多样性。120个大豆品种（系）对10个大豆疫霉菌菌株共产生57个反应型，有4个抗性反应型分别与单个抗病基因的反应型一致，有7个抗性反应型与2个已知基因组合的反应型相同，其他抗性反应型为新的类型。一些大豆品种（系）中可能存在有效的抗大豆疫霉根腐病新基因。

Phytophthora root rot, incited by Phytophthora sojae, is a destructive disease of soybean. The disease has occurred in several soybean-producing regions in China, and caused heavy losses in some regions. Cultivar resistance has been the most effective way to control Phytophthora root rot. The aim of this study was to screen effective resistance sources to P. sojae for disease control and resistance breeding. One hundred and twenty soybean cultivars or lines from 11 provinces in china were evaluated for their responses to 10 strains of P. sojae using the hypocotyls inoculation technique. One hundred and ten cultivars or lines were identified having resistance to 1 - 10 strains of the pathogen. The most abundant resistance diversity was occurred in cultivars or lines from Henan province, followed by from Anhui, Hubei and Shanxi province. One hundred and twenty cultivars or lines elicited 57 different reaction types with the 10 strains of the pathogen. Among them 4 reaction types accorded to that of single gene,seven reaction types were consistent with two-gene combinations, and the others were new reaction types. Some cultivars or lines possibly carry new Phytophthora resistance genes that are effective to control Phytophthora root rot of soybean in China.