一起甲型副伤寒暴发疫情的现场流行病学研究

Field epidemiology study in a paratyphoid outbreak

目的研究甲型副伤寒暴发疫情的特征和原因。方法应用描述性流行病学研究方法，使用Epi Info3．3软件统计。结果这是一起经水传播的甲型副伤寒点源暴发疫情，共发病269例，罹患率24．48％。饮用生水和不良卫生习惯是疾病发生的危险因素。甲型副伤寒早期临床症状以发热、头晕、头痛、咽干、咽痛、干咳为主，潜伏期7—27天，平均15天。结论甲型副伤寒早期临床症状及潜伏期等有待研究，加强农村饮用水卫生，是控制经水传播甲型副伤寒的重要措施。

Objective To study the prevalence of an outbreak caused by S.paratyphi A, and analyze the epidemiological feature and potential risk factors. Methods Descriptive studies of epidemiology and Epiinfo 3.3. were used. Results This is S. paratyphi A outbreak transmitted through water. 269 cases of paratyphoid fever A were found with 24.48% of attack rate. To drink the unboiled water and bad health habits were the risk factors.The first paratyphoid early clinical symptoms were mainly fever, dizzy, headache, pharyngoxerosis, pharynx-ache and dry-cough with 7- 27 days of incubation period, average 15 days. Conclusion To strengthen the rural hygiene with supply of the safe source of water is an important measures to prevent paratyphoid outbreak transmitted through water.