摘要
目的探讨以颈横血管为蒂的斜方肌肌皮瓣的应用解剖学基础。方法在20具(40侧)成人尸体标本上,观测颈横动脉走行、分支及分布。结果颈横动脉分为颈段及背段,颈段长47mm,起始外径4.1mm;背段长5.6mm,起始外径3.2mm。背段的浅支、横支、降支及肩胛冈支长度分别为50mm、51mm、136mm及49mm,回流静脉与相应动脉伴行。结论颈横动脉是斜方肌的主要血供来源,行径恒定,血管蒂长,可以设计不同类型的肌皮瓣或复合组织瓣,适合于修复头面部缺损。
Objective To study the anatomic basis of trapezius myocutaneous flap pedicled with transverse cervical artery （TCA）. Methods Twenty adult cadavers were used in this study, The course and distribution of the transverse cervical artery （TCA） were observed on 40 sides. Results TCA can be divided into the cervical and dorsal segment. The length and caliber of the cervical segment of TCA were 47mm and 4.1mm, The dorsal segment of TCA divided into the superficial and deep branches, and the superficial branch can be divided into ascending branch, traverse branch, descending branch and spina scapulae branch. The length of the branch was 50mm, 51mm, 136mm and 49mm in average, The drainage veins were following the concomitant artery, Conclusion TCA was the main blood supply of trapezius muscle, It can be used to design pedicle myocutaneous and composite flap for repairing the defects of craniofacial area,
基金
海南省卫生厅资助课题(2002-74)
关键词
斜方肌
颈横动脉
肌皮瓣
应用解剖
trapezius muscle
transverse cervical artery（TCA）
myocutaneous flap
