微乳技术在制备纳米催化剂方面的应用研究

Application and Research Progress of Microemulsification Technique for Preparing Nanometer Catalyst

综述了微乳法制备纳米催化剂的基本理论和方法以及近年来在催化剂制备中的一些应用。采用该方法制备的纳米催化剂在粒径大小、粒径分布和表面结构等方面具有特别的性质,所制备的纳米催化剂具有粒径大小可控、粒度分布均匀等优点,且在一些反应中表现出优良的催化性能。作为一种新型的催化剂合成方法,微乳技术在合成纳米催化剂方面有着潜在的应用价值。微乳体系的构成是多种多样的,而且受多种因素的影响。如何选择适宜的微乳体系并将微乳技术与其它技术有机结合,将是微乳技术在催化剂制备中的发展方向。

Most of the applications concerning heterogeneous nanoparticles prepared from microemulsion were reviewed. It is shown that nanopartieles obtained from mieroemulsion have specific properties with respect to size, distribution and surface structure. Consequendy, these particles are in some eases superior regarding catalytic activity and/or selectivity. The main advantages of using the microemulsion technique in the preparation of catalytic nanomaterials are related to the possibility of controlling properties such as particle size, morphilogy and size distribution. Composition of microemulsification system is various and its properties has been influenced by many factors. It will be the future development of microemulsification technique for preparing nanometer catalyst that how to select suitable microemulsification system and to integrateit with other technique.