阻燃环氧树脂/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料制备及阻燃性能

Preparation and Flame Retardancy of Flame Retarded Epoxy Resin/Organic Montmorillonite Nanocomposite

研究制备了环氧树脂(EP)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)、N,N-二(2-羟乙基)氨甲基膦酸二乙酯(BHAPE)阻燃剂阻燃的EP和EP/OMMT等复合材料。XRD证明分散在复合材料中的OMMT为剥离型的,且BHAPE的加入不影响材料中OMMT剥离后的层间距。研究证明,单独使用BHAPE很难使EP通过UL 94 V-0阻燃级,仅添加OMMT的EP固化物,其氧指数和UL94阻燃性能几乎与纯EP固化物的一样。但是同时添加BHAPE和OMMT的EP固化物,当BHAPE和OMMT的添加量分别为25%和5%时,不仅BHAPE/EP/OMMT复合物的CONE阻燃参数都明显降低,而且能通过UL94V-0级。可能是BHAPE和OMMT在凝聚相同时发挥作用,即BHAPE和OMMT协同阻燃作用提高了复合材料的综合阻燃性能。

Flame retarded epoxy resin （EP） and EP/organic montmorillonite （OMMT） nanocomposites were prepared using BHAPE as additive flame retardant. It was found that the addition of BHAPE not only EP curing reaction was unaffected, but also expedite solidification of EP. The XRD showed that the layers of OMMT were exfoliated and dispersed in BHAPE/EP/OMMT nanocomposite. The flame retardant synergism of BHAPE and OMMT was studied by the combination measures of LOI, UL 94, and CONE parameters. Experimental results showed that Limiting oxygen index and UL94V flame retardancy of EP flame retarded with 25%（mass fraction） of BHAPE and 5% （mass fraction） of OMMT reached 31.1% and V-0 grade, respectively. The p-HRR,a-HRR and a-MLR etc CONE parameters were lower than those of pure EP, particularly, p-HRR and a-HRR were 67.6% and 17.3% respectively lower than those of pure EP. Flame retarded properties of nanoeomposite were improved because of the synergistic flame retardancy of BHAPE and OMMT in condensed phase.