北京地区变应性鼻炎患者吸入变应原谱分析

Prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens in Beijing patients with allergic rhinitis

目的:调查北京地区主要吸入性变应原。方法:采用20种标准化变应原对北京地区554例变应性鼻炎患者进行皮肤点刺试验。并将样本中81例4～18岁的患者设为儿童组,401例19～60岁的患者设为成人组。比较两组在变应原阳性率分布上的差异。结果:变应原皮肤实验阳性率前8位的变应原分别为粉尘螨(64.6%)、屋尘螨(64.3%)、花(28.7%)、杂草(26.5%)、藜(13.7%)、树Ⅱ(13.5%)、大豚草(12.5%)及树Ⅰ(12.5%)。儿童组中对粉尘螨和屋尘螨的敏感程度明显高于成人组(P<0.01)。结论:尘螨、夏秋花粉及杂草花粉是北京地区最重要的变应原。

Objectives：The purpose of this study was to determine which aeroallergens were prevalent in patients with allergic rhinitis in Beijing. Method： A total of 554 cases （female： 212, male： 342, aged between 4-69 years） who were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis by history and clinical presentation, underwent a skin prick test with 20 standardized aeroallergens, and the important sensitizing allergens were assessed. The samples were stratified on two age groups： 4-18-year-olds （children group, n =81 ） and 19-60-year-olds （ adults group, n = 401 ）. Difference of SPT responses of the two groups was investigated. Result：The percent of patients with positive skin tests were follow：D, farinae （64.6%）, D. pteronyssinus （64.3%）, Flowers pollen （28. 7%）, Herbs（26.5%）, Lamb＇s Quarers（13.7%）,TreeⅡ （13.5%）,Giant Ragweed（12.5%）. Tree Ⅰ（12.5%） . There were significantly higher sensitivity to dust mite among children group compared to adults group（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion：The study shows that the dust mite ,Flowers pollen and Herbs are the most important three aeroallergens in Beijing region.