九州虫草子座挥发油的超临界CO_2流体萃取及GC-MS分析

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and GC-MS of essential oil from the stroma of Cordyceps kyushuensis

目的:探讨超临界 CO_2萃取法提取虫草活性成分的可行性,报道九州虫草子座挥发油的组成,推测其可能的生理作用。方法:用正交实验法确定超临界 CO_2流体萃取九州虫草挥发油的最佳条件,考察萃取压力、温度、动态萃取时间及 CO_2流量对挥发油收率的影响;利用 GC-MS 联用技术分析最佳萃取条件下所得挥发油的化学成分,面积归一化法测定其百分含量。结果:超临界 CO_2萃取最佳条件为:萃取压力20MPa,温度50℃,萃取时间75min,CO_2流量1.0L·min^(-1);所提取的挥发油共鉴定了44种成分,占挥发油总成分的88%以上,占色谱总流出组分的98.2%。结论:九州虫草挥发油中富含不饱和脂肪酸、饱和脂肪酸、烯、酯等组分,为九州虫草的药用、开发奠定了良好的研究基础。

Objective： The feasibility of active components of Cordyceps extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide was discussed in this paper. The components of the essential oil from the stroma of Cordyceps kyushuensis were analyzed by GC - MS. Method： Orthogonal design of 4 factors at 3 levels was applied for optimization of supercritical CO2 extraction. The optimal conditions of extraction pressure 20 MPa, extraction temperature 50 ℃, separation time 75 min, CO2 flow 1.0 L · min^- 1 were obtained. There were 44 components from Cordyceps kyushuensis by SFE that composed of about 88% of the total essential oil were separated and identified. Conclusion： There are abundant of unsaturated fatty acid, saturated fatty acid, acid, alkene and ester in the essential oil extracted from the Cordyceps kyushuensis. The study established a good method for further studying medical application and developing of the Cordyceps kyushuensis.