当代科学技术革命与人格自我论研究的理论创新

Contemporary Science-Technique-Revolution and Theoretical Creation on Studies of Personality & Self

传统西方哲学对人的个体研究侧重于人格或自我的同一性问题。而当代哲学则更加注重于人的价值学和实践生活方面的研究。而且,当代哲学超越于古典哲学的一个重要标志就是通过回应当代自然科学技术革命最新成果,加深了对人的本质、价值和实践等问题的理解。比如,前些年人学研究热烈讨论“裂脑人”、“冷冻人”、“换体人”、“复制人”等问题。最近时期,克隆技术的发展向我们提示“克隆人”时期的到来。网络技术发展使“网络虚拟人”的问题以及由此而产生的一系列社会性问题也尖锐地摆在面前。韩民青教授在他关于未来人类大结局的设想中更是提出了“非原生人”、“文化系统人”的理论,这些都使得传统哲学关于人的理解面临一次实质性的革命。笔者认为,无论面对何种奇妙形式的人学或人格自我论问题,我们都必须坚持现实性和实践性的原则。这个原则要求我们必须把人看作是一种在现实生活中不断生成、发展和自我完善化的存在。我们还要立足于价值论思考,把当代人类现实生活需要与意义的满足作为理论的归宿。我们还必须坚持辩证法的批判与开放宽容精神,要通过各种理论观点的比照与辩驳,来发现解答当代人学问题和人格自我论各种问题的真理。

Traditional studies of Western philosophy stresses on the issues of personal-identity or self-identity. Contemporary philosophy stresses more on the issues of personal value and personal practice. What is more, the superiority of the contemporary philosophy over the traditional philosophy is that through the responds to the achievements of contemporary natural science and techniques, it greatly deepents our understanding on issues of human nature, human value and human practice. Some years ago, we passionatdy discussed the issues of Split Brain Person, Exchanged Body Person, Copied person. Recently years, the development of the technique of Clone reminds us the coming of ages of Clone Person. The development of technique of Internet presents us the issues of Virtual Person and other serious social problems brought by it. In his imagin,tion on the outcome of human being and the outcome of the universe,Professor Minqlng Hun proposes the theories of Un-natural Person and theories of Cultural System-Person. All of these bring about our understanding on human being faced to an essential revolution. But we must remember,no matter how marvelous issue of studies on human being or personality that we are faced to, we all need to hold on the principles of realistic and principles of practical. Those principles require us to see human being as the being successively produced and successively developed,perfected by practical life. We also need to be based on the consideration of value theory, to view the satisfactory of human needs of daily life as the final aim. We need to hold on the principle of critic and toleration of philosophical dialectics,to explore the turths of stuides of human being by the waYs of the comparing different theories.