接触温石棉女工恶性肿瘤死亡的队列研究(英文)

Survey on the mortality of malignant tumors in female workers exposed to chrysotile asbestos

目的调查接触温石棉女工的恶性肿瘤死亡率。方法以1960年1月1日至1980年12月31日曾经从事家庭内温石棉手工纺织作业一年以上的女工为调查对象,采用历史性队列流行病学方法进行研究。结果在5681名接触温石棉纺织女工中,有144名死于癌症,其中有74名女工死于肺癌,病死率最高;其次为肝癌,死亡数为27例;占第三位的是胃癌,死亡数为18例。以当地女性年龄组别恶性肿瘤死亡率均值为对照组计算标准化死亡比(SMR),所有除肺癌外的恶性肿瘤与肺癌的SMR分别为1.16(P<0.05)和4.17(P<0.01)。结论接触温石棉的女性纺织工人有明显的肺癌死亡高发倾向。

Objective To investigate the mortality of malignant tumor in female workers exposed to chrysotile asbestos. Methods A retrospective cohort study of fenmle workers was conducted, who had been engaged in the manual spinning of ehrysotile in family with more than one year between January 1, 1960 and December 31, 1980. Results A total of 144 persons were found to be dead from cancer. Among them the most frequent was lung cancer （74）, and the second liver cancer （27）, and the third stomach cancer （18）. Standardized mortality ratio （SMR） from total malignant tumor and lung cancer were 1.16 （ P 〈 0.05） and 4.17 （ P 〈 0.01 ） respectively, based on the control population of the same region. Conclusion A significant excess death from lung cancer was found among female workers who had been exposed to chrysotile.