城市工业区园林绿地滞尘效应的研究——以武汉钢铁公司厂区绿地为例

Dust-retention effect of ornamental green land in urban industrial area: A case study in Wuhan Iron and Steel Company workshop area.

在测定武钢工业区园林植物滞尘能力的基础上,结合绿地实地调查和武钢工业区园林绿地GIS,比较分析了园林绿地不同植物种类和层片类型的滞尘能力,并定量研究了武钢厂区园林绿地的滞尘效应。结果表明,不同园林植物的滞尘能力有较大差异,这主要与不同植物的叶表面特性、树冠结构、枝叶密集程度等差异有关。不同层片类型滞尘能力依次为落叶阔叶灌木>常绿阔叶灌木>绿篱>常绿阔叶乔木>落叶阔叶乔木>针叶乔木>草本。武钢厂区园林绿地的日滞尘量是9.51 t,年总滞尘量为3 089.98 t。其中常绿阔叶乔木层片年滞尘量最大,达991.68 t,落叶阔叶灌木层片最小,只有0.0181 t。由于园林绿地的滞尘量取决于所构成植物的滞尘能力及其叶面积绿量,因此,选择滞尘能力强的植物,并以乔灌草不同生活型植物进行合理配置,是提高园林绿地滞尘效应的有效途径。

Dust-retention effect is an important ecological function of urban ornamental green land. Combining the investigation and GIS of the green land system in Wuhan Iron and Steel Company workshop area, this paper determined the dust-retention ability of different plant kinds and synusia types in this system, and quantitatively analyzed its dust-retention effect. The results showed that different ornamental plants had a greater difference in their dust-retention ability, which was mainly related to their leaf surface character, tree crown structure, and branch intensive degree. The dust-retention ability of different synusia types was in order of deciduous broadleaved shrub〉 evergreen broad-leaved shrub 〉 hedge 〉 evergreen broad-leaved arbor 〉 deciduous broad leaved arbor 〉 conifer arbor〉 grass. The dust-retention amount of the ornamental green land in Wuhan iron and Steel Company workshop area, was 9.51 t per day and 3 089.98 t per year, and the annual dust retention amount of evergreen broad-leaved arbor was the highest, up to 991.68 t, while that of deciduous broad-leaved shrub was the minimum, only 0. 0181 t. It could be concluded that the effective way to improve the dust-retevtion effect of ornamental green land was to choose the ornamental plants with strong dust-retention ability, and to dispose the arbor, shrub and herb layer rationally to increase vegetation quantity.